哈夫曼树的构造算法
的有关信息介绍如下:问题补充说明:哈夫曼编码算法.完成huffman函数,实现哈夫曼树的构建算法,并根据main函数中黑体字的要求完成main函数.... 哈夫曼编码算法.完成huffman函数,实现哈夫曼树的构建算法,并根据main函数中黑体字的要求完成main函数. 展开
123456789101112标校远131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525来自354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119360问答120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146还余该弦定上即编轴药14714814915015115215315415515探劳操盾医师也凯号视积61571581591601充紧说感6116216316416516616716816917磁志走装又个0171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189/*------------------------------------凯等春呼色------------------------------------- * Name: 哈夫曼编码源代码。 * Date: 2011.04.16 * Author: Jeffrey Hill+Jezze(解码部分) * 在 Win-TC 下测试通过 * 实现过程:着先通过 HuffmanTree() 函数补象导周肥船统均构造哈夫曼树,然后在主函数 main()中 * 自底向上开始(也就是从督巴技罗掉角形祖简善数组序号为零的结点开始)向上层层判断,若在 * 父结点左侧,则置码为 0,若在右侧,则置码为 1。最后输出生成的编码。 *------------------------------肥革其经担------------------------------------------*/#include <stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h> #define MAXBIT 100#define MAXVALUE 10000#define MAXLEAF 30#define MAXNODE MAXLEAF*2 -1 typedef struct { int bit[MAXBIT]; int start;} HCodeType; /* 编码结构体 */typedef struct{ int weight; int parent; int lchild; int rchild; int value;} HNodeType; /* 结点结构体 */ /* 构造一颗哈夫曼树 *静益/void HuffmanTree (HNodeType HuffNode[MAXNODE], int n){ /* i染早倍晚还来、j: 循环变量,m1、m2:构造哈夫曼树不同过程中两个最小权值结点的权值, x1、x2:构造哈夫曼树不同过程中两个最小权值结点在数组中干础步还的序号。*/ int i, j, m1, m2, x1, x2; /* 初始化存放哈夫曼树数组 HuffNode[] 中的结点 */ for (i=0; i<2*n-1粉裂失属节海波; i++) { HuffNode[i].weight = 0;似笑范团选千代看代//权值 HuffNode[i].parent =-1; HuffNo饭思妈张著de[i].lchild =-1; H聚待感当食限评衣uffNode[i].rchild =-1; HuffNode[i].value=i; //实际值,可根据情况替换为字母 } /* end for */ /* 输入 n 个叶子结点的权值 */ for (i=0; i<n; i++) { printf ("Pl规工轻注其各一ease input we系问ight of leaf node %d: \n", i); scanf ("%d", &HuffNode[i].weight); } /* end for */ /* 循环构造 Huffman 树 */ for (i=0; i<n-1; i++) { m1=m2=MAXVALUE; /* m1、m2中存放两个无父结点且结点权值最小的两个结点 */ x1=x2=0; /* 找出所有结点中权值最小、无父结点的两个结点,并合并之为一颗二叉树 */ for (j=0; j<n+i; j++) { if (HuffNode[j].weight < m1 && HuffNode[j].parent==-1) { m2=m1; x2=x1; m1=HuffNode[j].weight; x1=j; } else if (HuffNode[j].weight < m2 && HuffNode[j].parent==-1) { m2=HuffNode[j].weight; x2=j; } } /* end for */ /* 设置找到的两个子结点 x1、x2 的父结点信息 */ HuffNode[x1].parent = n+i; HuffNode[x2].parent = n+i; HuffNode[n+i].weight = HuffNode[x1].weight + HuffNode[x2].weight; HuffNode[n+i].lchild = x1; HuffNode[n+i].rchild = x2; printf ("x1.weight and x2.weight in round %d: %d, %d\n", i+1, HuffNode[x1].weight, HuffNode[x2].weight); /* 用于测试 */ printf ("\n"); } /* end for */ /* for(i=0;i<n+2;i++) { printf(" Parents:%d,lchild:%d,rchild:%d,value:%d,weight:%d\n",HuffNode[i].parent,HuffNode[i].lchild,HuffNode[i].rchild,HuffNode[i].value,HuffNode[i].weight); }*///测试 } /* end HuffmanTree */ //解码 void decodeing(char string[],HNodeType Buf[],int Num){ int i,tmp=0,code[1024]; int m=2*Num-1; char *nump; char num[1024]; for(i=0;i<strlen(string);i++) { if(string[i]=='0') num[i]=0; else num[i]=1; } i=0; nump=&num[0]; while(nump<(&num[strlen(string)])) {tmp=m-1; while((Buf[tmp].lchild!=-1)&&(Buf[tmp].rchild!=-1)) { if(*nump==0) { tmp=Buf[tmp].lchild ; } else tmp=Buf[tmp].rchild; nump++; } printf("%d",Buf[tmp].value); } } int main(void){ HNodeType HuffNode[MAXNODE]; /* 定义一个结点结构体数组 */ HCodeType HuffCode[MAXLEAF], cd; /* 定义一个编码结构体数组, 同时定义一个临时变量来存放求解编码时的信息 */ int i, j, c, p, n; char pp[100]; printf ("Please input n:\n"); scanf ("%d", &n); HuffmanTree (HuffNode, n); for (i=0; i < n; i++) { cd.start = n-1; c = i; p = HuffNode[c].parent; while (p != -1) /* 父结点存在 */ { if (HuffNode[p].lchild == c) cd.bit[cd.start] = 0; else cd.bit[cd.start] = 1; cd.start--; /* 求编码的低一位 */ c=p; p=HuffNode[c].parent; /* 设置下一循环条件 */ } /* end while */ /* 保存求出的每个叶结点的哈夫曼编码和编码的起始位 */ for (j=cd.start+1; j<n; j++) { HuffCode[i].bit[j] = cd.bit[j];} HuffCode[i].start = cd.start; } /* end for */ /* 输出已保存好的所有存在编码的哈夫曼编码 */ for (i=0; i<n; i++) { printf ("%d 's Huffman code is: ", i); for (j=HuffCode[i].start+1; j < n; j++) { printf ("%d", HuffCode[i].bit[j]); } printf(" start:%d",HuffCode[i].start); printf ("\n"); }/* for(i=0;i<n;i++){ for(j=0;j<n;j++) { printf ("%d", HuffCode[i].bit[j]); } printf("\n"); }*/ printf("Decoding?Please Enter code:\n"); scanf("%s",&pp);decodeing(pp,HuffNode,n); getch(); return 0;}
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